Types of Essay with explanation in English Language - how to get success in education

Effective essay writing becomes critical when it comes to success in education. Most of the time during studies we need to write essay in various forms of assignments or homework. Selecting the right essay makes essay writing more difficult. Always think about the audience of you essay. Audience are very important, it equally matters that selecting right audience according to the topic and type of an essay. Writing an impressive essay in front of wrong audience will decline its worth. Making and outline in which you think about audience, topic, type of an essay will make life easy. There are many types of essays but we need to know about the most popular. This will make our life easy. There are four main types of essays 1-Expository Essay This essay type contains the facts. The writer discusses the facts with justification. It is necessary to explain the topic with the help of statists, references and examples. This type of essay contains facts, so it necessary to keep writer’s feeling away. The reader does not feel that the author is biased. 2-Narrative Essay In narrative essay the writer tells a story. The story should be real not fiction. The writer should share his/ her personal experiences in narrative essay. This type of essay is helps students to think about their experiences and convert them into writing. This will help them in expressing their thoughts and feeling. 3-Descriptive Essay Descriptive essay’s names explain itself that it contains details. In this essay the writer explain each and every detail about the person, thing or place. Normally the length of this essay is long because it contains details. The details must be informative and facts. The flow of the must be good in order to maintain reader interest. 4-Persuasive Essay This essay contains expert’s opinion in a way that it can convince the reader on the writer point. This needs much explanation each and every aspect of the topic should be covered in a way that it can make strong case in front of reader. The reader should believe that the author point is accurate otherwise this essay will become meaningless. Explanations will helps writer to prove his/ her point, so try to use examples. We have discussed the most common types of essays. Now you have clear idea what is necessary in specific type of essay. This information will be useful in selecting the right type of an essay. Selecting the right essay make writing easy. After selecting an essay the writer must follow other steps that experts believe make 50 % time and make essay writing more effective,. According to an expert essay writer at , proper research is necessary before starting the process of essay writing. The student can enjoy essay writing if they have a reading habit. Those students who love reading finds essay writing easy whereas other feels it very difficult. It is nearly impossible to avoid essay writing during student life. The only solution to this problem is to build a reading habit. It is not necessary that you should start reading many ages from day one. Building a reading habit is also a time taking process. If you believe reading will be helpful in your life because it will improve you knowl edge then you will start taking interest in reading. Everyone can write essay easily if they have something to say about the topic. Students feel boring during essay writing. If someone is not good at reading then he/she should listen carefully. This will also helpful but not as much as reading. There is no alternate of reading in this world. You should start reading from now in order to gain knowledge. This is the thing that distinguishes between good and bad students. It is impossible to be a good student without reading habit. Grammar mistakes also make students life tough. Reading will help in gaining knowledge, it will also improve grammar. Grammatical mistakes are the most popular reason for bad scoring in exams. An expert at essay help uk discussing the experience of checking student’s essays. He told that most of students writes essays just for gaining marks. This practice is the root cause of bad essay writing. Good essay writing can only be done by serious attitude. Students mostly fill pages for gaining marks. This is one of the reasons of bad scoring. When teacher reads an essay he/ she found no flow in the essay. The teacher always first identify the type of an essay then check whether certain criteria is fulfilled or not. When student start writing then he /she should select the right topic and type of an essay. This will improve their writing and score in the exam.

Always Remember That Java Is A Case Sensitive Language

Always Remember That Java Is A Case Sensitive Language Java is a case-sensitive language, which means that the upper or lower case of letters in your Java programs matter. About Case Sensitivity Case sensitivity enforces capital or lower case in the text. For example, suppose you have created three variables called endLoop, Endloop, and EndLoop. Even though these variables are composed of the exact same letters in the same exact order, Java does not consider them equal. It will treat them all differently. This behavior has its roots in the programming language C and C, on which Java was based, but not all programming languages enforce case sensitivity. Those that do not include Fortran, COBOL, Pascal, and most BASIC languages. The Case For and Against Case Sensitivity The case for the value of case sensitivity in a programming language is debated among programmers, sometimes with an almost religious fervor.   Some argue that case sensitivity is necessary to ensure clarity and accuracy  - for example, there is a difference between Polish (being of Polish nationality) and polish (as in shoe polish), between SAP (an acronym for System Applications Products) and sap (as in tree sap), or between the name Hope and the feeling hope. Further, the argument goes, a compiler should not try to second-guess the intent of the user and should rather take strings and characters exactly as entered, to avoid unnecessary confusion and introduced errors.   Others argue against case sensitivity, citing that it is harder to work with and more likely to result in  mistakes while providing little gain.  Some argue that case-sensitive languages negatively impact productivity, forcing programmers to spend untold hours debugging issues that end up as simple as the difference between LogOn and logon. The jury is still out on the value of case-sensitivity and it may be able to pass final judgment. But for now,  case sensitivity is here to stay in Java. Case Sensitive Tips for Working in Java If you follow these tips when coding in Java you should avoid the most common case sensitive errors: Java keywords are always written in lowercase. You can find the full list of keywords in the reserved words list.Avoid using variable names that differ only in case. Like the example above, if you had three variables called â€Å"endLoop†, â€Å"Endloop†, and â€Å"EndLoop† it would not take long before you mistype one of their names. Then you might find your code changing the value of the wrong variable by mistake.Always make sure the class name in your code and java filename match.Follow the Java naming conventions. If you get into the habit of using the same case pattern for different identifier types, then you improve your chances of avoiding a typing mistake.When using a string to represent the path of a file name, i.e. C:\JavaCaseConfig.txt make sure you use the right case. Some operating systems are case insensitive and dont mind that the filename isnt exact. However, if your program is used on an operating system that is case sensitive it will produce a r untime error.

Business Personal Statement What Why How

Business Personal Statement What Why How Business Personal Statement: What? Why? How? In this article, we are going to give you a step-by-step guide on all of the essential tips that you need to complete your business personal statement. What is a Business Personal Statement? It is very competitive to try and secure a space in a high-quality business studies course. Your business personal statement is one of the ways in which you can demonstrate your potential above and beyond your grades. An engaging and insightful business personal statement can be a way of standing out from the rest of the candidates who are competing for the available places on the course that you wish to study. Why Do You Need a Business Personal Statement? A business personal statement is designed to give some sense of who you are as a person. For many courses, it is an essential part of the application and candidate assessment process. How to Complete a Business Personal Statement? The key thing with a business personal statement is to be authentic, to be yourself, and to convey that in a professional way that connects with the people who are assessing your application. There are four main points that you should mention in your business personal statement. These are as follows: Why are you interested in studying this course? For example, you may say something like â€Å"I have had a lifelong interest in economics†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"I am fascinated by the operation of the stock market†¦Ã¢â‚¬  How do your previous studies qualify you for this course? For example, you may say something like â€Å"My previous studies of international politics have shown me the interrelation between politics and economics†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"My outstanding grades in my junior business studies qualification have given me an excellent basis to continue to challenge myself academically†¦Ã¢â‚¬  What life experience do you have that qualifies you for this course? For example, you may say something like â€Å"Having dealt with my family’s small business, I have a sound understanding of microeconomics†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"I’ve been an active participant in stock market simulations to help me build my understanding of real-time trading patterns†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Why have you chosen this specific course? You may say something like: â€Å"Having compared all of the available options, I believe this course will give me the skills and knowledge I need†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"The outstanding reputation of this course will be a tremendous asset to my CV†¦Ã¢â‚¬  It is important that you do not copy anyone else’s business personal statement. It is okay to look at some examples to see how best to structure what you are writing, but your business personal statement has to be about you, it has to reflect your experiences, and what you believe. The business personal statement has to be about you, but do not hesitate to seek assistance and feedback. Share your business personal statement with your friends, family, and professional network. Ask for feedback, ask whether it accurately reflects who you are, ask for any suggestions on how to improve it and make it more impactful. With a strong business personal statement, you will be well-placed to secure the business course to which you aspire.

Children Buying Behavior and Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Children Buying Behavior and Marketing - Essay Example The adolescent group is the most vulnerable to such type of advertisements as they are seeking a string association to gain a sense of security. Thus advertisers have clearly created a separate domain for segmenting the boys and girls as separate target groups. The girls are made to feel or establish a feeling of anxiety about their health and body by displaying models that symbolizes their product range. The consumer societies have strongly intervened in this issue and have initiated awareness for both the parents and the youth on the health impacts the advertisements could cause on long-term basis. The gender being utilized in the generating higher consumption of goods is a conventional strategy in business. Though the intervention by consumer societies have helped to tone down the gravity of these advertisements the power of market is so enormous that the awareness programmes cannot be expected to gain a comprehensive success in their mission. Thus the case study is undertaken to evaluate the relative effect of the advertisements on the purchase decisions made by youth in United States. The specific objectives addressed in the study are (i) To understand the influence of consumer societies on the influencing the consumer attitude in young children in the United States. (ii) To assess the impact of the advertisements that portrays women differently in the magazines and further influences the shopping decisions of young children especially across young boys and girls. 2. Literature Children represents a very strong market segment and advertisers recognize these aspects and the extend of brand loyalty that could be carried into the adulthood. Though it is established knowledge that as children don't understand the impact of the strong intentions of marketing it is considered unethical to advertise or display any promotional campaign before they attain a age of eight or nine. The consumer unions have expressed the views that as the children have very low ability to understand the reality and advertising content the advertising matter could in most of the situations distort the view about the world in children. Also, they have very low ability to assess the claims being made in the advertising matter. Also, expert academicians in the consumer behavior too have reinforced this claim that by saying the during the young ages the cognitive structures are in the formative stages and hence the children would be highly sensitive to the external influences (Mizerski, 1995 ). This especially true when such matter appears on the walls of the schools or on the book covers or on the anything related to their domains of closer interaction. These situations makes the children to believe that the contents are legitimate and start developing a positive inclination to the advertisement matter without analyzing the matter. The tender age fails to differentiate the commercial component in such displays and fails to understand the manipulative actions hidden in it. Often the advertisements create a sense of reality in the mind of children and they try to relate them with the regular news features in

Executive summaries of The Accounting Wizardry Behind Banks Strong Essay

Executive summaries of The Accounting Wizardry Behind Banks Strong Earnings - Essay Example This followed after a further review of the latter. It was noticed that up to 31% of JPM’s profits of the financial year 2013 averaging $5.6 billion and 10% of WFC’s profits gained the same year amounting to $2.2 billion were not realistically earned. That money accrued came from the two bank’s loan-loss reserves. Loan-loss reserves, as mentioned, are set aside by the banks’ lenders given a financial crises is prevalent or when the U.S. economy is on the worst side. This goes hand in hand with the inflation projections on the economy with consumers experiencing hard times in financing their mortgages, credit card bills and other loans. Evidently, according to Josh Rosner, a Graham Fisher industry analyst based in New York, running out of reserves makes it in order to cuts costs on loans. It is imperative to note that one of the effects of this is the depreciation in the growth in revenue. Bank of America (BOA), which is ranked fourth among the largest American banks, flaunts turning losses into profits as a result of offsetting the loan-loss reserves. Since 2010, BOA had accrued losses of up to $11.8 billion, but from embracing change, it has surpassed all the setbacks and seen profits up to $11.4 billion on the better side. Additionally, Citigroup (C), which reported enormous profits of $40.4 billion about the same time, would have gained half of what their income was disregarding the accounting benefits. Evidently, when BOA was relying on reserves, profits were not well off in comparison to when they would not have used the boost from the reserves. In 2009, BOA would have realized profits of up to $55 billion were it not for the $48.6 billion reserve money they owed. On the same breathe, profits from other banks, which relied on their reserves during inflation were affected accordingly. It was noted that despite bank earnings poor performance, investors notably still embraced

Communication and Ethical Issues Summary Essay Example for Free

Communication and Ethical Issues Summary Essay The first example of the SWAT Team raiding a suspected meth house showed no ethics at all. The officers probably assumed no one was home since they pulled over their suspect away from his home, When they see a man coming down the stairs they should have noticed a golf club un his hand not a gun. The use of their power in this case was not justified even if he resisted non of the officers would have been hurt by the helmet and body armor they wear. Their use of power was unjustified (Balko, 2013). The second example where a homeless man is carrying a knife and would not drop it was shot. It was legal for him to have and carry the knife and if a bystander has to ask a police officer why he shot him tells me that he was not doing anything threatening with the knife. He was shot because he did not drop it. This is the shortcomings of the officer culture of leadership in his department because the officer was cleared of any wrong doing. His use of power was unjustified (Balko, 2013). The third example is where the police raid a recording studio thinking there are a large quantity of drugs located there. They only find personal consumption quantity and they try to decide what equipment in the recording studio they will take on asset forfeiture grounds. The police conversations were recorded because the equipment was left on when they raided the home. This is clearly an ethical problem within their agency with the leadership and the culture they have developed. Their use of power was unjustified (Balko, 2013). When you see your own leadership in your own agency does things that are not quite by the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), it can give you the understanding that if you copy what they do or their wrong you would be justified. The author of this paper watched a correctional sergeant spray a can of pepper spray into a cell just to mess with the inmate that was inside, no other reason. An investigation  was held and the sergeant was given a verbal reprimand. The officers who worked directly for this sergeant also felt that if they broke the SOP, this sergeant would have their back and help in justifying their actions like not pulling inmates out of their cells for showers during their shower time, purposely dropping their food trays on the floor or spitting in their food. This action happens and in the report that is turned in it gets justified by that sergeant signing off on the action. Reference Balko, R. (2013, September 10). Radley Balko on the 3 Worst Cases of Police Abuse in 2011 [Video file]. Retrieved from University of Phoenix Media Library website: https://portal.phoenix.edu/medialibrary/videodetails.05V110608001512139.html

Willy Lomans Illusions and Delusions in Arthur Millers Death of a Sal

Willy Loman's Illusions and Delusions in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman    Charley says something in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman that sums up Willy’s whole life. He asks him, "When the hell are you going to grow up† (Miller 97)?   Willy spends his entire life in an illusion, seeing himself as a great man who is popular and successful.   Willy exhibits many childlike qualities and his two sons Biff and Happy pattern their behavior after their father.   Many of these qualities, such as idealism, stubbornness, and a false sense of self-importance in the world have a negative impact on Willy’s family,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Willy is like an impetuous youngster with high ideals and high hopes.   Children always have high hopes for their future.   They all want to be astronauts or millionaires.   Willy always believes he can achieve that kind of success.   He never lets go of his wistful life.   â€Å"†¦What (sic) could be more satisfying than to †¦pick up a phone and call the buyer, and without even leaving his room†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Miller 81)?   He dreams of being the man who does all of his business from his house and dies as a rich and successful man.   Furthermore, Willy also dreams of moving to Alaska where he could work with his hands and be a real man.   Biff and Happy follow in thei... ... entire life, believes that he should be a great, well known, and well-liked salesman without ever really making a serious attempt at another occupation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Willy Loman is a child trapped in a man’s body.   He never lets go of his dreams.   He does not come to grips with his failure as a salesman, father, and husband.   Willy runs away from responsibility, and he asks others for handouts when in need, setting a bad example for his sons.   Until the day he dies, Willy has delusions about the facts of his life.   Willy never does grow up. Works Cited Miller, Arthur.   Death of a Salesman.   New York: Penguin Books, 1976.

French Revolution DBQ

The French Revolution of 1789 caused many changes in the social, political, and economical world of France. The French Revolution sparked the beginning for many new reforms in France that were previously unavailable to the 3rd estate. The things that led up to the French revolution were all caused from within the social, political, and economic world of France. The Social causes for the French Revolution were varied. One such problem was the well being of the 3rd estate.According to Travels in France by Arthur Young the conditions of the 3rd estate were terrible as people could not purchase bread due to the high prices and the ragged conditions of the children (Document #1). Because of these factors the people were forced to fight each other for a piece of bread alone. Another problem was the middle class’ knowledge of the Enlightenment. According to The French Revolution historian Albert Mathiez, the middle class’ knowledge of the Enlightenment made them start the revo lution rather than the unintelligent working class (Document #3).The social world of France was a front for the revolution to begin because of the people who were mistreated by the government. The political reasons for the Revolution were also varied. One such reason was the signing of the Declaration of Independence. According to Lord Acton, the spark supplied by the signing of the Declaration of Independence was the cause of the French Revolution (Document #5).Another reason was the 3rd estates demands of the monarchy. Some of their demands were to lower the taxes assigned to them, have definite meeting times, and take votes by head (Document #3). The political state of France did not fare well in preventing the revolution. Finally the Economic reasons for the revolution were less varied than the others but just as important. One economical reason for the revolution was the unfair taxes to the 3rd estate.A chart of the tax and land ownership percentage in the 1700’s clearly shows how much more the 3rd estate was being taxed than the 1st or 2nd estate (Document #2). The economical causes for the revolution most likely set off the 3rd estate when their request for a tax change was denied. In conclusion the French Revolution was a result of the three different worlds of Frances system: Economy, Social, and Politics. The changes caused by the Revolution paved way for modern France and spelled out a new era for France.

Cyber Security: Threats, Response and Improvement

Cyberspace, or the Internet as an interchangeable reference, is the electronic medium of computer networks and systems in which online communication and enterprise takes place. Originally, the Internet served to interconnect laboratories engaged in government research. However, since 1994, the decentralized Internet has expanded to serve millions of users and a multitude of purposes in all parts of the world. With this shift from government tool to general tool, the Internet has become a collective result of ideas, beliefs and initiatives. Many aspects of our day-to-day lives can be traced along the Internet through some form of electronic function. In addition to its wide reaching powers with regards to the spread of information, the Internet has also become the most democratic and universal form of mass media ever known, since no one entity has a monopoly over the information available, thus making control close to impossible. Clearly, Internet usage in today’s world is no longer viewed as a nonessential luxury. Usage and content has exponentially risen to a level of unprecedented proportion that requires its own area of precautions and supervision. The distal range of context that Cyberspace commands is the basis for a host of security issues and challenges that anyone that utilizes the Internet is made aware of daily. There is a growing awareness in today’s globalized world of the imminent dangers that may befell anyone that isn’t careful of their Internet usage. Cybercrimes such as theft, fraud and identify theft, to name a few, pose as ominous threats to the security of any individual or enterprise that engages the Internet at any given time. Read this  Chapter 2 – Why Security is Needed Not only are these threats that individuals are subjected to, but also threats that the US government has been forced to acknowledge as it becomes increasingly dependent on the internet as a way of life. Based on the combination of the new widespread use of the internet, as well as governments and world’s dependence on the internet for daily life, cyber security has become the new face to American foreign policy, national security, military and defense strategies and economic stability. As President Obama explained, the growing number of attacks on our cyber networks has become â€Å"one of the most serious economic and national security threats our nation faces. † This increased threat explains the increase in the cyber security field, task force work, watchdog groups and government agencies over the past decade. â€Å"Cyber security,† as the field has been coined, is varied and ranges from the local, state and federal levels, all with the purpose of regulating and policing the ill effects of Cyberspace usage. Responding to Threats. The increase of security threats has forced the United States government to meet these new challenges and implement strategies towards the safeguarding and integrity of its critical infrastructures, as well as against an extensive gamut of state and non-state actors that do not adhere to physical borders. The United States government is responsible for the supervisory control and data acquisitions (SCADA) of the entire nation. SCADA has seen a growing dependence of critical infrastructures and industrial automation on interconnected physical and cyber based control systems. There has been a growing and previously unforeseen cyber security threat to these systems, which include industrial control systems, computer systems that monitor and control industrial, infrastructure, or facility-based processes. These critical infrastructures include areas such as water treatment and distribution plants, wastewater collection and treatment plants, oil and gas pipelines, electrical power transmission and distribution generators, wind farms, civil defense siren systems and large communication systems. Although most critical infrastructures are in the private sector, governments at various levels perform many key functions with regard to these infrastructures. Among those key functions are national defense, homeland security, emergency response, taxation, remittances to citizens, central bank activities, criminal justice, and public health. These functions and others now depend upon information networks and systems. Thus, it is the duty of the government by law to secure their information systems in order to provide essential services that is critical to the continuity of government. Government’s role in cyber security is warranted in cases where high transaction costs or legal barriers lead to significant coordination problems; cases in which governments operate in the absence of private sector forces; resolution of incentive problems that lead to under provisioning of critical shared resources; and raising awareness. †7 Policy Review Current cyber security policy has been adjusted to reflect the clear and present danger associated with cyber warfare. The Obama Administration has identified several areas in which cyber security will be greatly impacted. Its near term strategy, which in effect is the Administration’s immediate focus, is the most vigorous strategy, and includes the listing and identification of the designation of a cyber security directorate, establishes cyber security as a management priority, proposes a cyber security action plan that develops a framework for research and development strategies that focus on game-changing technologies that have the potential to enhance the security, reliability, resilience, and trustworthiness of digital infrastructure. The strategy also strives to provide the research community access to event data to facilitate developing tools, testing theories, and identifying workable solutions. 7 Cyber security and its safeguarding of critical infrastructure as we know it today came to pass The Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P. L. 107-296), which transferred and integrated several federal entities that play a role in cyber-security of control systems into the Department of Homeland Security. These entities include the Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office, the National Infrastructure Protection Center, the National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center, and parts of the Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Assurance. Additionally, the Homeland Security Act of 2002 created a new class of information, critical infrastructure information, which can be withheld from the public by the federal government. In spite of the clandestine measures in place to ensure the integrity of privileged information, the cornerstone of America’s cyberspace security strategy is and will remain a public-private partnership. The government, working with key stakeholders, should design an effective mechanism to achieve a true common operating picture that integrates information from the government and the private sector and serves as the basis for informed and prioritized vulnerability mitigation efforts and incident response decisions. From a federal government perspective, the proper and most efficient approach to ensuring the safety and integrity of its cyber security is through rigorous and cost-effective risk assessments. Industry Initiatives Since the field of cyber-security is a relatively new one, it will continue to experience its share of technical difficulties along the way. Initiatives that address the vulnerability of industrial control systems may be reduced and enhanced in a ‘less is more’ approach through a range of federal actions. Development standards by either a voluntary or mandatory process for cyber-security of control systems; identifying and addressing critical infrastructure interdependencies; developing encryption methods for control systems; identifying and establishing technologies to address existing vulnerabilities; funding long-term research into secure SCADA systems; providing for free exchange of risk information between the federal government, private industry, and other critical infrastructure sectors; and assessing federal activities in this area are all possibilities for negotiation. Due to the severity of importance surrounding SCADA systems, federal actions may also create a more uniform process that would include â€Å"the functionality necessary to protect industrial control systems, while providing for more secure operation. † Preparedness and Resources America’s increasing dependence on information technology has given way towards a greater protection of digital networks and infrastructures, however confidence in its current form is as delicate as ever despite renewed calls for better understanding, awareness and preparedness of critical infrastructures. â€Å"Confidence in preparedness is variable. Nearly a third of IT executives surveyed said their own sector was either â€Å"not at all prepared† or â€Å"not very prepared† to deal with attacks or infiltration by high-level adversaries. Among those who had actually experience such attacks, the lack of confidence rises to 41 percent. † It is a generally held view by the cyber security community that the resources in place to secure networks are in adequate measure to respond to at-large threats. Overall, cost was most frequently cited as â€Å"the biggest obstacle to ensuring the security of critical networks,† followed by â€Å"lack of awareness of the extent of the risk. Such a daunting task of safeguarding these important resources can only be handled at the federal level, particularly in the military’s domain, yet even the federal government isn’t impervious to data breaches, nor is the military. The man currently responsible for overseeing US cyber security strategy is Deputy Defen se Secretary of Defense William J. Lynn of US Cyber Command (USCYBERCOM). Secretary Lynn cites the biggest threat to American cyberspace stems from the â€Å"exploitation, disruption and destruction of our networks. In 2008, the US was the victim of a cyber attack that penetrated top-secret classified files. The breach occurred when a foreign intelligence agent used a malicious flash drive to steal information from laptops in Iraq and Afghanistan. Lynn cites this unprecedented event as â€Å"the most significant breach of U. S. military computers ever. †13 More recently in May of 2010, the US Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNet) was breached by PFC Bradley Manning, which led to the highly publicized Wiki Leaks controversy. USCYBERCOM will play the leading role in helping to integrate cyber operations into operational and contingency planning as outlined by the 2010 Cyberspace Policy Review and the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR). According to the Cyberspace Policy Review, â€Å"[t] he nation’s approach to cyber security over the past 15 years has failed to keep pace with the threat. † The QDR acknowledges that: There is no exaggerating our dependence on DoD’s information networks for command and control of our forces, the intelligence and logistics on which they depend, and the weapons technologies we develop and field. In the 21st century, modern armed forces simply cannot conduct high-tempo, effective operations without resilient, reliable information and communication networks and assured access to cyberspace. It is therefore not surprising that DoD’s information networks have become targets for adversaries who seek to blunt U. S. military operations. Indeed, these networks are infiltrated daily by a myriad of sources, ranging from small groups of individuals to some of the largest countries in the world. The reality facing governments and private enterprise today with relation to yber attacks is to maintain a steadfast and cautious plan whose efficacy enables them to respond to the incessant attacks by hostile governments and non-state actors alike. Undoubtedly, these measures are costly, but a solid investment in the safeguarding of critical infrastructure and data. The alternative lies in damage control once an attack has been initiated, which when compared to an attack, is exponentially less than the warranted protection in aggregate. The average estimated cost of 24 hours of down time from a major cyber attack was U. S. $6. 3 million in 2010. 6 According to a study prepared by the Poneman Institute, a research center dedicated to privacy, data protection and information security policy, the smaller the gap between compliance and non-compliance costs, the lower the occurrence of compromised records for an organization. 17 According to Undersecretary of Defense Lynn, â€Å"cyber attacks on our military networks have not cost any lives, not yet. But in a six month period, the Defense Department spent more than $100 million defending its networks †¦ and we spend billions annually in a proactive effort to defend our network s. †18 Future Action Plans The interdependence of cyberspace means system networks are heavily dependent on varying infrastructures in order to function at optimum capacity. The US Department of Defense has acknowledged that in order to meet the demands of today’s cyber security threats, they must collaborate with private enterprise in order to coordinate responses to cyber attacks. The Cyber Policy Review states that, â€Å"implementation of this framework will require developing reporting thresholds, adaptable response and recovery plans, and the necessary coordination, information sharing, and incident reporting mechanisms needed for those plans to succeed. Moreover, the QDR supports the Cyber Policy Review by stating that, â€Å"this mutual assistance includes information sharing, support for law enforcement, defense support to civil authorities, and homeland defense. In particular, DoD will strengthen its cooperation with DHS, which leads the national effort to protect federal information systems. †19 Collaborative Effort and Hierarchy While cyber security is currently evolving and become a growing trend in the digital age with relation to national, military and economic security, overnment-sponsored cyber security cooperation varies widely among owners and operators of critical infrastructure in their respective arenas. 20 The advent of globalization has spawned a new age of interdependence and the integration of markets, nation-states and technologies. 21 While there is no question as to the federal government’s responsibility in pooling its resources together for its own security, the question remains insofar as to ho w the US’ allies and partners will collaborate in areas of mutual interest with relation to cyber security. As with any other venture that requires circumspection, the tendency for information sharing not only at the federal level, but international level as well may very well be a one-way street; from bottom, up. While U. S. cyber security policy aims at having a partnership with private enterprise, resistance from the private sector arises from an impending gamut of legislation and regulation. Three areas in particular are a concern for IT professionals: * Lack of faith in the understanding officials have about the way a sector works. Clumsy regulation may â€Å"level-down† security in very diverse sectors. * The risk that mandatory disclosure of security incidents—for example the compromise of personal data—can drive policy and resources in counter-productive directions. 22 These concerns are well founded and derive from the legislative branch’s inability to often time analyze, understand and process information in a timely fashion. Improving Cyber Space It w ill remain an arduous task for anyone and everyone who utilizes cyberspace as a medium for information and data sharing to maintain a relative form of security comfort. Cyberspace in its current form is unregulated by most countries around the world. China is an exception; due to their system of government, the Chinese see it as a strategic interest to hide certain areas of public internet usage. While there are steps in place to promote a healthy relationship in cyberspace from the government on down to private individuals, cyberspace and its capabilities are its infancy in terms of technology, systems and infrastructure. The ceiling is limitless with relation to advancements in all three of these phases. In the short-term, information placed in cyberspace must be carefully weighed for its content value and varying degree of sensitivity. There is a growing demand and shift towards internet usage that has secured access. For example, most websites that handle financial transactions and safeguard personal information have moved towards the â€Å"https://† coding for secure connectivity. Firewalls are an important component as well in handling any would-be hacker or virus from penetrating encrypted data. Such measures are an important step towards maintaining a harmonized cyberspace. The need and demand for privacy is another area of interest in maintaining a safe environment within cyberspace. There’s a profound difference between the location of a terrorist cell on a network server in the Pentagon and an individual’s latest update on a social media site. While both are important for differing reasons, privacy and security are of the utmost importance to maintaining the Internet and its users as safe as possible. Many cyber vulnerabilities exist because of a lack of cyber security awareness on the part of computer users, systems administrators, and technology developers, Such awareness-based vulnerabilities present serious risks to critical infrastructures. 23 Safety and improvements to cyberspace is everyone’s responsibility. With no single governing body in charge of securing and improving cyberspace, it becomes increasingly more important for all users to heed the caveat lectors of their own due diligence and to point out potential trouble areas and vulnerabilities.

How to Get Better at Writing Five-Paragraph Essays

How to Get Better at Writing Five-Paragraph Essays Five-Paragraph Essay Writing for Standardized Tests Almost all standardized tests in schools and colleges include writing assignments. Although theres nothing extra difficult about writing, it may cause genuine feelings of fear and anxiety among those who arent strong with these types of assignments. If you learn how to write five-paragraph essays properly, you will be ready to tackle writing assignments without fear. Why five-paragraph essays? Because they are usually a part of college standardized tests that you will need to face. For these tests, students are required to write five-paragraph essay from 500 to 800 words. Structure of the essay includes an introductory paragraph, three paragraphs in the body of paper and one paragraph for conclusion thats why its called a five-paragraph essay. Introductory Paragraph In the first paragraph, you give the direction to your essay and you also have a chance to engage your readers and get them interested in reading your work. Here are some tips to write a great introduction paragraph: Describe the main idea of your essay in one sentence. Develop a thesis statement. In case your writing prompt was the question then the thesis statement could be the answer to this question. Mention three points that will give evidential support to your thesis statement. List them in order of importance. Introductory paragraph is ready! Supporting Paragraphs The following three paragraphs should support your thesis statement with solid evidence including facts, quotes, details, experts opinions, statistics and other relevant data. Now use each paragraph to prove and explain arguments that you have mentioned in the introductory part. Heres how exactly you should do it: Compose a topic sentence summarizing your point this would be the first sentence of your paragraph. Write your argument, which proves that topic sentence is true. Give evidence (quotes, facts, examples etc.) to reinforce your argument. This would be your first body paragraph. Repeat the same procedure for remaining two paragraphs and your supporting paragraphs are ready. Conclusion Paragraph The fifth paragraph of your essay should be dedicated to summarizing your work. You should prove your thesis statement once again using the evidence that you have provided in supporting paragraphs. You shouldnt just copy-paste phrases from your essay, but make a new, bold restatement of your thesis which would give your readers a final impression about your work. When writing a five-paragraph essay for a standardized test it would be very useful to review it before time is up. Reread it carefully one or two times to see if there are any grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors. Apply corrections if you find errors and also make sure that your essay isnt weak in terms of logic and structure. Now you know how to write five-paragraph essays and writing for standardized tests shouldnt cause you any more anxiety.

How Are the Experts Using LinkedIn - Guest Post by Helen Denney-Stone

How Are the Experts Using LinkedIn - Guest Post by Helen Denney-Stone I was honored to discover an article on LinkedIn Publisher that gave me extensive mention and props for my presentation at the LinkedIn Success Summit. I requested that the author, Helen Denney, allow me to publish a revised version of the article on my blog, and she graciously agreed! Enjoy the updated article below! ⊕⊕⊕⊕⊕ When Liam Austin chose the speakers for his LinkedIn Success Summit, he invited Brenda Bernstein and 34 other top speakers to share their winning strategies and tips on how to use the LinkedIn platform. Together, these invited experts condensed decades of experience and success into a wealth of video sessions. If you haven’t yet been able to generate a positive Return on Investment (ROI) using the LinkedIn platform, you most definitely will after hearing these stories and strategies. The following are my takeaways from 3 of the experts, all who have one major thread in common: they are all women experts on LinkedIn! They give advice on how to stand out on LinkedIn, and even how to build a basic LinkedIn profile, in case you’re just starting out! Brenda Bernstein #1 Amazon best-selling author of How to Write a Killer LinkedIn Profile. Brenda is a highly qualified and award winning writer. Founder of the Essay Expert, LinkedIn expert and Speaker. Brenda believes that you can profit from your personality when writing your LinkedIn profile. The key points below are her strategies on how to do this in an authentic and memorable way. Don’t be afraid to share your values, vision, beliefs and personality prominently in your profile. Do this effectively and you will stand out from your competitors. Get a branded head shot that has some oomph! Try choosing 3 words that describe your personality, and share them with your photographer. Then choose your head shot based on which one best captures those 3 words. Don’t lose sight of keywords as you share your personality! Prioritize keywords in your headline if you want to be found in searches. Write your Summary to show your personality and the personality of your business. Figure out what makes you and/or your business stand out- and if you want to be personable, write in the 1st person (I/me).Brenda suggests that to get material for your LinkedIn Profile, you can write down 3 peak moments in your life/business. Next pull out any common threads. You will learn a lot about what you have to offer and what makes you tick. You can also ask people you know what they see as your strengths. Write down what they say and weave it into your profile. If they like it then others probably will too! Finally, determine what you want people to take away from reading your profile. What action do you want them to take next? Read your profile Summary now that you’ve included more of yourself in it. If you were a member of your target audience, would you take the action you want your readers to take? Publish on LinkedIn and show your personality and credibility in your articles. Make sure to respond when people comment on your posts. Be active in LinkedIn Groups and don’t be afraid to show your humour, intelligence and personality. When someone sends you a friend invitation, respond and give them something free first- something you feel will be of value to them. Brendas Quotes: â€Å"Almost no one likes writing about themselves. But almost everyone likes seeing themselves expressed authentically on paper.† â€Å"Top mistake on LinkedIn: Thinking all you need is a KILLER LinkedIn profile.† ⊕⊕⊕⊕⊕ Donna Serdula Donna, the Founder of Vision Board Media, is a LinkedIn Profile Optimisation Expert speaker and author. Donna explained your profile is NOT your resume. Your resume is your professional past; it is what you have already done. Your LinkedIn profile is your online reputation- who you are and why connections should pay attention to you. It is your digital representation of your future. Make your profile compelling, exciting and authentic. It is, after all, people’s first impression of you. It should make people want to know more. Donna’s 3 Keys to Maximising your LinkedIn Profile: Before you start on your profile, answer this question: What is the goal of my LinkedIn profile? Only after you know your goal can you can write strategically, keeping that goal in the forefront of your mind. Always talk about what your target audience wants to hear. Speak to them directly, as if they are across the table from you! Headline Think what people would be typing into the search bar on LinkedIn to find you. Optimise your profile for these keywords so you show up in search results. How can you stand out when someone is scrolling through the search results? The first part they will see is your name, your profile picture, and your headline (which by default is your current job title and your company). So make sure your profile image is professionally done, and that your headline is optimised with keywords, is compelling and showcases a benefit statement. Summary Your Summary, which is 2000 characters maximum, should demonstrate who you are, that you understand your readers’ problems, and that you can help them.Your summary should be in 1st person narrative and written conversationally. Highlight some successes, demonstrating how you can help your audience.Be succinct and answer what your customers/clients want to know. If possible, include a link and offer for them to take the next step. Include a clear call to action at the end, as well as your phone number and email so people can contact you easily. Keywords Research your keywords. Then make sure that these keywords are in your heading, summary, experiences and interests. Place the keywords anywhere that is reasonable. Your profile must read naturally and authentically. Never, never stuff your profile with keywords; but take the time to place them everywhere that is plausible. Donna’s Quotes: â€Å"Recognize your target audience and don’t say what you want to say, rather think what your target audience wants to hear.† â€Å"Step back, think about your goal, think about your audience.† ⊕⊕⊕⊕⊕ Karen Yankovich Founder of Linked Up Success, Karen is a LinkedIn expert and speaker. When someone puts your name in a Google search and sees your LinkedIn profile right at the top, this is statistically what they will look at first. This is a brilliant opportunity through your profile to instantly communicate who you are, your personal brand. Use your profile to get them to feel comfortable doing business with you. Karen shares her 5 tips that you need to pay attention to when completing your profile. Be certain to complete these 5 areas and use them effectively. Headline Your headline should be strong and customer/client centric. In other words, just stating that you are CEO is not enough! Your headline is searchable by Google and shows up prominently in Google Search. Be bold, own what you do, and be confident when painting that picture for others to see! Summary Firstly, actually fill this out! Break your summary into easily consumable sections with bullet points. Write it in the 1st person, use all 2000 characters you are allowed, and include keywords. Experience This section builds on who you are and what you have accomplished to be where you are today. Think about all your past experience, not just your previous jobs. Position yourself as influential and the expert you are. Call to Action Remember to put in a call to action not in a salesy way, but something like, â€Å"Reach out if you want a complimentary training†; â€Å"Listen to my podcast†; or â€Å"Download my free report† Make your profile stand out by taking advantage of all the ways LinkedIn provides to customize your profile. Boost your business with 3 further strategies from Karen: Build up your recommendation and be active; actually ask for recommendations. Show up! Be active in groups, post regularly, share, and comment on influencers. Sort your connections by recency, then send a personal note to the most recent. When they respond, take the opportunity to offer help. Karen’s Quotes: â€Å"Start with a strong personal brand to grow your business on LinkedIn.† â€Å"#1 Mistake on LinkedIn: Don’t be pushy, be mindful.† ⊕⊕⊕⊕⊕ Did you pick up the major common thread? It’s your profile! Your LinkedIn Profile is like a 5-minute fast dating session where you get to say who you are, what you do and how you can help. It is your audience’s first impression- make it great, make it authentic, and make it you! The LinkedIn Success Summit was full of many wonderful interviews and the above is a summary of just 3 of the 35 presenters. You’ll find even more great tips by clicking here. Would you like to read more from Helen about LinkedIn experts and influencers (and save yourself the time of listening to all the presentations at the Summit)? Then please click here to read Part 1 of Helen’s Summit Summaries! Helen Denney-Stone is CEO and co-founder of Nudge Marketing, a firm that provides affordable, results-based marketing training for small businesses. She is a published author and artist and loves all things, mindful and marketing†¦ oh! and high heels, boxer dogs and the smell of freshly cut grass. Read the original version of this article here.

Labor Economics and Welfare Economics Research Paper

Labor Economics and Welfare Economics - Research Paper Example Second, utility is interpersonally similar and can be summed up (Rothbard, 2006). Early labor economics began shortly after the Second World War with its analytical range emerging further from the field of conventional economics. As a result, economists found labor economics a hard domain in terms of explaining the term in a strict economic logic (Burns, 2012). Adam Smith first expressed support for the idea of economics in labor in his 1776 work â€Å"Wealth of Nations.† During the mid-1700s, traditional political economy was successful ad prevailing in the domain of economic hypothesis and review between the 1700s and 1800s (Winter-Ebmer, 2014). This economy operated on the basis that capitalist market powers work do not assure that employees will get equal portions of the output. Afterwards, David Ricardo and Karl Marx extended this classical economy and made labor economics reach its climax during the mid-1800s. Marx cultivated his labor hypothesis of value and utilization to show how employees get just a portion of their output, with the remaining portions creating an economic excess adopted by capitalists for the sustenance of their consumption and investment operations (Burns, 2012). Welfare economics had more supporters than labor economics, with economists and researchers such as William Stanley Jevons, Carl Menger and Leon Walras leading the way by spreading the idea of marginal utility. Daniel Bernoulli issued a validation of marginal utility in 1738 under his Expected Utility Theory and contributed significantly to Welfare economics (Devarajan, 2014). Lastly, economist Hermann Heinrich Gossen expounded on an overall hypothesis of marginal utility to help further welfare economics across Europe (Rothbard, 2006). Opponents of labor economics warned against misunderstanding the word â€Å"labor† as specially connected to understandings acquired from the fields of sociology, politics, and organizational culture (Burns, 2012).